Gray Code

格雷编码

题目

The gray code is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit.

Given a non-negative integer n representing the total number of bits in the code, print the sequence of gray code. A gray code sequence must begin with 0.

Example 1:

Input: 2
Output: [0,1,3,2]
Explanation:
00 - 0
01 - 1
11 - 3
10 - 2

For a given n, a gray code sequence may not be uniquely defined.
For example, [0,2,3,1] is also a valid gray code sequence.

00 - 0
10 - 2
11 - 3
01 - 1

Example 2:

Input: 0
Output: [0]
Explanation: We define the gray code sequence to begin with 0.
A gray code sequence of n has size = 2n, which for n = 0 the size is 20 = 1.
Therefore, for n = 0 the gray code sequence is [0].

解析重点

1.这一题不是很复杂，我们只需要知道格雷编码是怎么产生就可以了，G(i) = i ^ (i/2)，依照公式我们就可以计算出来所有的值。

java代码

class Solution {
    
    public List<Integer> grayCode(int n) {
        /**
        关键是搞清楚格雷编码的生成过程, G(i) = i ^ (i/2);
        如 n = 3: 
        G(0) = 000, 
        G(1) = 1 ^ 0 = 001 ^ 000 = 001
        G(2) = 2 ^ 1 = 010 ^ 001 = 011 
        G(3) = 3 ^ 1 = 011 ^ 001 = 010
        G(4) = 4 ^ 2 = 100 ^ 010 = 110
        G(5) = 5 ^ 2 = 101 ^ 010 = 111
        G(6) = 6 ^ 3 = 110 ^ 011 = 101
        G(7) = 7 ^ 3 = 111 ^ 011 = 100
        **/
        List<Integer> ret = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = 0; i < 1<<n; ++i)
            ret.add(i ^ i>>1);
        return ret;
        
    }
}